Source: USPTO
Wireless charging, also known as inductive charging, has been available on the consumer market for years, promising to replace power cables with a single charging station. Despite attempts from major manufacturers such as Palm and Google, the technology has yet to implemented effectively and is far from ubiquitous.
At first blush, Apple's invention, aptly titled "Integrated inductive charging in protective cover," appears to simply be a first-party incarnation of upcoming products that use inductive charging to transfer power to an iOS device. These components usually incorporate an induction coil and transformer that outputs power via the normal dock connector. Apple's patent filing describes something different.
Instead of sourcing power from a docking station, Apple's invention calls for a tablet case, or more specifically an iPad Smart Cover, to hold the inductive power transmitter. In some embodiments, an internal battery is disposed within the case, basically creating an "on-the-go" wireless charger.
Top-down view of one patent embodiment showing embedded power transmitters (210) and magnets.
From the patent's summary:
In the described embodiments, the body portion includes an inductive power transmitter arranged to wirelessly pass power to a corresponding inductive power receiver unit disposed within the tablet device by inductively coupling, at least a first magnetic element, and at least a second magnetic element used to secure the body portion to the display in a closed configuration.
The cover has the usual magnetic attachments and embedded Hall Effect sensor that auto-wakes and sleeps an iPad, but instead of the usual layered padding, the segmented body contains battery cells and necessary wireless charging circuitry.
In order to facilitate efficient power transfer, the primary induction transmitter and corresponding receiver in the iPad would be placed as closed together as possible. The patent makes use of the Smart Cover's existing magnet tech, which leverages the unique properties of specialized magnets to "automatically" align the cover with the iPad's display. A property previously covered by AppleInsiderdescribes how the installation of magnets, arranged according to a pattern of alternating polarities, within the Smart Cover's hinge mechanism and iPad body makes it virtually impossible to misalign the two assemblies.
From the patent's description:
In some embodiments, the inductive circuit elements can be located in a peripheral region of the flap and corresponding peripheral regions of the tablet device (such as beneath the display mask that borders an active portion of the display). In this way, power can be inductively transmitted between the flap and tablet device in any number of ways and using any number of configurations of inductive power transfer circuits.
Charging occurs when the flap is covering the display, thus signaling that the device is not in use. Other embodiments describe methods in which the iPad can determine its own battery state and enable the inductive charging circuit when in "portable mode," or when it is not plugged into a power source.
Apple's system is not completely wireless, however, as the cover itself needs to be charged. This is accomplished through a cord, though the patent does note that solar cells can be disposed in the outer layers of the cover to harvest ambient energy.
Illustration showing inductive transmitter positioning in various modes.
It should be noted that current iPads do not contain the inductive charging circuitry required by the patent, possibly hinting that such integrated components are being studied for a future model of the tablet.
While it is unclear if future Smart Covers will incorporate the wireless charging technology described above, but recent rumors claim Apple is working to release such features in the iPhone as early as this year.
The company has already shown interest in inductive charging technology, most recently filing for a patent in November covering near-field magnetic resonance as it applies to a desktop computer setting.
Apple's inductive charging cover patent was first filed for in September 2011 and credits Justin Richard Wodrich and Stephen Robert McClure as its inventors.
http://appleinsider.com/articles/13/03/14/apple-proposes-on-the-go-wireless-charging-via-ipad-smart-cover-with-built-in-battery
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